The awards were voted on by members of the SAG-AFTRA actors union, and winners and attendees reflected on their early days trying to make it in show business.
"I am so honoured to be in this community," White said as he accepted the award for best actor in a television comedy. "I wanted to be part of this my whole life. I had no back-up plan."
His co-star, Edebiri, won best actress in a TV comedy for the show about a gourmet chef trying to turn around his family's Chicago sandwich shop.
Ali Wong was named best actress in a limited series for road rage drama Beef. She thanked her 83-year-old mother who was in the audience.
"I know it was really hard when I told you I wanted to do stand-up comedy, and I hope you feel like it all worked out," she said.
Blockbuster movies Barbie and Oppenheimer were facing off again for the night's top award of best motion picture cast. Others in the running are The Color Purple, Killers of the Flower Moon and American Fiction.
Barbie stars America Ferrera and Margot Robbie during the 30th annual Screen Actors Guild Awards. (AP PHOTO)
The ceremony took place after SAG-AFTRA staged a four-month strike against Hollywood studios last year to fight for higher pay and protections around artificial intelligence.
"It is especially meaningful to be here with us all together again, for this occasion, after going though a very difficult time with the strike," actor Idris Elba said in opening remarks.
The ceremony was streaming live on Netflix for the first time, part of the streaming service's efforts to expand its live programming.
SAG-AFTRA's film choices are closely watched because actors form the largest group of voters for next month's Academy Awards, the film industry's top prizes.
A win for director Christopher Nolan's historical drama Oppenheimer would bolster its frontrunner status for best picture at the Oscars. The movie about the race to build the first atomic bomb has picked up top prizes at the Golden Globes, the British Academy Film Awards and other ceremonies.
If feminist doll adventure Barbie or another competitor prevails, it would upend the race to the Oscars on March 10.
In SAG's acting contests, Emma Stone will vie for best actress for her role as a woman revived from the dead in dark comedy Poor Things. Her competition includes Barbie lead actress Margot Robbie and Lily Gladstone, star of Killers of the Flower Moon, a drama about the murders of members of the Osage Native American community in 1920s Oklahoma.
SAG-AFTRA also will hand out a lifetime achievement honour to Barbra Streisand, the award-winning actor, producer, director, singer and writer.
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