The overnight strikes hit Kyiv and the region around the capital, the Black Sea port of Odesa and central Ukraine, they said on Sunday.
President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said on X the strikes also targeted the Dnipro, Kirovohrad, Mykolaiv, Poltava and Sumy regions.
The main target of the attack was the energy sector, but residential buildings and the railway were also damaged, he said.
"Moscow continues to invest in strikes more than in diplomacy," Zelenskiy said, adding that this week alone, Russia launched more than 1300 drones, more than 1400 guided aerial bombs and 96 missiles against Ukraine.
There was no immediate comment from Russia.
The US has been trying to broker a peace deal between Russia and Ukraine, but progress has been halting, with Russia demanding Ukraine withdraw from parts of the eastern Donbas region it still controls, an idea Kyiv has rejected.
Their most recent talks, in Geneva on February 17 and 18, did not produce a breakthrough.
At least one person was killed and another five were wounded in the Kyiv region, with damage reported in five districts where more than a dozen houses were damaged, regional Governor Mykola Kalashnyk said on the Telegram messaging app.
Odesa Governor Oleh Kiper wrote on Telegram an overnight drone attack on the energy infrastructure of the region caused fires that had been extinguished.
The Ukrainian air force said Russia had launched 50 missiles and 297 drones in overnight attacks and air defence units shot down or neutralised 33 missiles and 274 drones.
"This terror cannot be normalised; it must be stopped. Russia cannot wag the world, just as the tail cannot wag the dog," Ukrainian foreign minister Andrii Sybiha said on X, calling on the international community to impose tough sanctions against the Kremlin.
Ukraine's power grid operator Ukrenergo said on Sunday Russia was attacking Ukraine's energy sector again, prompting emergency power outages in several regions, including Kyiv.
Russia attacks the Ukrainian energy system almost daily, striking thermal power plants and electrical substations.
Attacks on power stations, the energy transmission system and the gas sector are important elements of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine launched by Russia in February 2022.
Moscow denies targeting civilians but says Ukraine's civil infrastructure is a legitimate target because striking it can reduce Kyiv's ability to wage war.
Kyiv says the aim is to harm civilians and break the country's will.
