Those killed in the strikes on Afghanistan's Kunar and Helmand provinces overnight included women and children, Afghan Taliban spokesperson Zabihullah Mujahid said on social media website X, adding that 11 people were also injured.
"We condemn this act as an aggression and crime in violation of all accepted principles," he said on Thursday.
Pakistan's information ministry, however, said the strikes were based on "credible intelligence" and targeted terrorist hideouts at two locations.
"Targets were destroyed with precision and initial reports suggest killing of twenty two terrorists," the ministry said in a statement on X.
"Large quantities of weapons and ammunition stored at these hideouts was also destroyed," it said.
Reuters could not independently verify the information.
A militant attack on a police facility in northwestern Pakistan in August, which killed 24 people, rekindled tensions between Pakistan and Afghanistan, who engaged in their worst fighting in years in February.
The allies-turned-foes have increasingly been at odds over militancy, with Islamabad accusing Kabul of harbouring militants who stage cross-border attacks.
The Taliban government denies the charge and says militancy is Pakistan's internal problem.
Islamabad has conducted air strikes on Afghanistan in the past fortnight, which it said hit terrorist camps and killed militants.
Kabul has maintained the strikes killed civilians.
Afghanistan's defence ministry on Sunday said its forces had killed 28 fighters and wounded 32 after a group it said included Islamic State militants crossed from Pakistan.
Islamabad had rejected the allegations.
